Coffee Insights

How to Make the Perfect Cappuccino

February 4, 2026

In this article, we explore what makes a cappuccino unique, the steps to pull the perfect espresso shot, and how to steam milk to achieve that signature velvety foam. We’ll also share tips for creating a balanced, creamy drink and explain how cappuccinos differ from lattes and flat whites.

What Is a Cappuccino?

Known for its velvety foam topping, a cappuccino is a milk and coffee drink made using an espresso machine. It usually consists of equal parts espresso, milk, and foam on top, and can be topped with a dusting of cocoa powder.

Pulling the Perfect Espresso Shot

For professional espresso machines, you’ll want to use a fine grind size to brew your espresso. This helps create resistance, allowing proper pressure to build up in the machine and give you a full extraction (about 30 seconds) for a concentrated, flavourful shot.

The ideal water temperature for brewing espresso is between 90°C and 96°C.

For lighter roasts, aim for 93°C to 96°C.
For darker roasts, stick to 89°C to 92°C.
This helps create a nice balance between bitterness and sweetness.

How to Make a Cappuccino

You’ll need:

18g of ground coffee

150ml of milk

A regular-size cup, about 200-250ml capacity

Cocoa powder to serve (optional)

Method

Use 18g of ground coffee to prepare a double shot of espresso.

Pour your milk of choice into a steaming pitcher. Fill your jug no more than a ⅓ to leave enough space for the milk to expand.

Steam the milk for around 8 seconds, where you should hear a paper-tearing noise. This helps to aerate the milk and create that luxurious froth!

Pour your frothy milk into your cup. As you come to the end of the milk, rock the jug back and forth to top the drink with a layer of thick, creamy foam. You can also finish off your cappuccino with a dusting of cocoa powder.

What’s the Difference Between a Latte, a Cappuccino and a Flat White?

Latte	Cappuccino	Flat White
A latte is a milk-based drink that should have only about a finger's worth of foam on top. This drink is perfect for anyone who wants a lighter coffee flavour.	A cappuccino is a frothy drink, with 50% foam and 50% coffee and milk. This drink is perfect for anyone looking for a more luxurious coffee drink.	A flat white is traditionally an 8-oz drink, with two shots of espresso and whole milk. This drink is perfect for anyone who enjoys creamy coffee, thanks to the whole milk.